Since this system was invented by the French, it's spelled grams per litre. In technical terms, it's the fraction of the total concentration (vapour pressures) that can stay in the parcel of air under current conditions.ĭensity is measured in kilograms per cubic metre, which is equal to grams per liter in SI. It's not the percentage of the total volume occupied by water vapor in this case, even though it's given as a percent. There's one exception, though: relative humidity. Generally, relative concentrations (using % or ppm) help us make recipes with the right amount of sugar, flour and other stuff, figure out how strong an alcoholic drink is or whether you have too much in your blood (another solvent) to drive, and figure out whether fumes are deadly poisonous or explosive.Ĭoncentration tells you how strong a vapour is, how humid it is outside, and how salty the ocean is. Sometimes you hear percent (%), parts per million (ppm) or parts per billion (ppb). Plants or condensation can remove carbon dioxide or water vapour from the atmosphere indefinitely.Ĭoncentrations are also given as fractions of the total mass or volume of the solvent (air or water). Gases in the air don't settle and are removed by other means. I predict these concentrations in the air in my full-time work. Total suspended particulates (TSP) or just particulates are what we call airborne dust. We can use similar, smaller units for concentrations, like micrograms per cubic meter. In that case, we can calculate the rate of deposition in grams per square metre per hour. The sugar powder would slowly settle out.Īs part of air quality modelling, we measure dust concentrations in grams per liter, which are solid particles suspended in the air. In this case, the water needs to keep the sugar particles off the ground and the bottom of the container. Sugar is distributed evenly throughout the liter in this concept of concentration. When you dissolve your sugar cube in one liter of water by mixing it really well, you end up with three grams of sugar per liter. In some cases, we use grams per liter to indicate both concentration The rest of that volume is filled with a solvent, like water or air. It's both a way of expressing how much something is spread out. You can use this to determine how much of a substance is in a given amount of liquid.ĭensities are really concentrations, or is density really a concentration. In liquids, grams per liter (g/L) measure the concentration of a substance. It's usually between 700 and 800 grams per liter of petrol.įor nearly all my unit conversions, I use this free website: You can convert just about anything. Every tank could have a different mix, so the density would be different. What's the density of gasoline? Over 100 hydrocarbons and minerals make up this stuff, each with its own density. How much? It's harder to calculate than the change in grams per liter. Temperature and pressure will also go up. Thermodynamics thermodynamics says that doubling the density of a gas will double its volume. Gas density changes a lot with pressure and temperature. They'd get bigger without changing their mass. Things that affect grams per literĪs most things expand when heated, the density of most liquids and solids depends on the temperature. Glass is made from rocks, too and weighs about the same. They're also pretty dense, with most weighing between 25 grams per litre. Aluminum is 2700, gold is over 19,000, and copper and steel are 8000 to 10000. The weight of wood varies from 200 grams per liter to over 1000 grams per liter. Here are some examples of density, also called specific gravity. There are about 1000 grams in a liter of water. It's about the same mass as a paper clip or a third of a sugar cube, and a liter is about the same size as a quart.Īt sea level, a liter of air weighs about one gram, and less at higher elevations. Also, farmers measure soil density to figure out how much nutrients and water their crops need. Understanding the concentration of ingredients in a recipe can help you get the right taste and texture. There are a lot of contexts in which people care about concentration and density in everyday life. It's possible to calculate a lot of physical properties using density, like the weight of an object, the buoyancy of a material, and the strength of various materials. In physics, density describes how much matter is in a given volume.
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